![]() There were differences in conclusions and a method needed to. The distinctive pattern of this movement was individualism with individual solutions rather than social enterprises. Medieval philosophy and politics were regarded as obstructing progress and justifying persecutions. Rowse 'A great philosopher's lucid and magisterial look at the history of his own subject, wonderfully readable and enlightening.' The Observer 'Bertrand Russell's remarkable book, is so far as I am aware, the first attempt to present a history of Western philosophy in relation to its social and economic background. Democratic tendencies led to the recognition that men were born equal, while their later circumstances decided their advantages and disadvantages. It influenced the property rights, hereditary principle, where the divine right of king was rejected, assigning rights to every community. It was more latitudinarian and Protestant, disproving wars of religion while encouraging commerce and industry, where the middle class received recognition before monarchy or aristocracy. ![]() With the rise of liberalism the impact of political and social circumstances upon thinkers needed to be considered.Įarly liberalism occurred in England and Holland, providing religious toleration. ![]() Book 3: Chapter 12, Philosophical Liberalism Summary and Analysis ![]()
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